Gum Grafting Procedures
Gum grafting procedures include the subepithelial connective tissue graft for root coverage, the ‘free’ gingival graft to gain attached gingival, and the lateral repositioned graft that can be used in combination with the connective tissue graft, or alone for attachment gain.
When recession of the gingival (gums) occurs, the body loses a natural defense against both bacterial penetration and trauma. When gingival recession is a problem, gingival reconstruction using grafting techniques is an option.
Where there is only minor recession and healthy gingival remains protecting the tooth- no treatment other than modifying home care practices is necessary. However, when recession reaches the mucosa, the first line of defense against bacterial penetration is lost, along with the mechanical barrier of attached gingival which is true gum that withstands the demands of mastication.
Gingival recession often results in root sensitivity to hot, cold and sweet foods. An unsightly appearance to the gingival and tooth may result as the recession progresses. Most significant is the fact that when untreated recession will continues leading to further exposure of the root surface, root decay, root gouging and possible tooth loss.
A gingival graft is designed to solve these problems. A thin piece of tissue is taken either from the tissue bank, from the roof of the mouth, or gently moved over from adjacent areas to provide a stable band of attached gingival around the tooth. The gingival graft may be placed in such a way as to cover the exposed portion of the root. In many cases a graft material other than your own tissue can be used to augment the site of recession.
The gingival graft procedure is highly predictable and results in a stable healthy band of attached tissue around the tooth.